26+ Quantitative Research Examples 1. 0000004256 00000 n aspect of the scientific paradigm, which educational research might emulate is the experimental design". xW6W(cG @6m!6\LU/S?IyHJp:=yvVYy?f=$ Books, publications, theses, journals, and other sources were utilized to create a research proposal example. January 3, 2023. The results are often reported in graphs and tables. This includes describing sampling processes, sample size, and data-gathering instruments such as questionnaires, interviews, observation, and technical measuring devices used in physical sciences. 16(6), 718-727, Pollit D E, Beck C T, Hungler B P, (2001) Essentials of Nursing Research Methods, Appraisal and Utilization. Also, most of the commonly used quantitative statistical models can only determine correlation, but not causation. The most rigorous form of quantitative research follows from a test of a theory (see Chapter 3) and the specification of research questions or hypotheses that are included in the theory. Often with little or no evidence and are Can be statistically tested and may be. Its also possible to start with a survey to find out the overall trends, followed by interviews to better understand the reasons behind the trends. However, qualitative and quantitative studies have similarities and dissimilarities in the scientific process due to the different cognitive approaches in research designs. and presentation of the author as much as the subject of the study (Denzin, 1989a). A further delimitation might be that you only included closed-ended Likert scale responses in the survey, rather than including additional open-ended responses, which might make some people more willing to take and complete your survey. For instance, if you state that generalizability is a limitation of your study given that your sample was limited to one city in the United States, then you should not claim generalizability to the United States population as an assumption of your study. Furthermore, Statistical data is used to try to figure out how strong a relationship between two or more variables is. Give introduction information about your study area when introducing it. The world has evolved into an era in which we would want to gaze up, and science has produced millions of good and dependable outcomes that satisfy humanitys mediocrity. %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz Quantitative research is the contrary of qualitative research, in which non-numerical data is collected and analyzed (e.g., text, video, or audio). Figure 1 illustrates the, LoBiondo-Wood, G., & Haber, J. 0000001206 00000 n 7 0 obj Structured biases can nevertheless impair quantitative research, despite standardized techniques. The researcher would consider how to objectively measure philosophies of childhood when developing the research design. /Height 155 Each s ession was approximately four hours long, and I aimed to obtain an equivalent number of observations for all opening hours of the week (the restaurant's hours are listed in T able 1), but course requirements made this dicult. Scribbr. For example, research syntheses that include medical 0000129140 00000 n 0000084661 00000 n d:vH 9xp=%WL`w=8^GH~ sUt9K_AP^| gL T_>_*\d=0+KksC t~O*g?8 ^.pHXqSS @ q Fg~nRg9#Na?SzAo #zL5 ?) q H?!=':yJq }+gzv&d|8S}wP~xpsq/ ]9`[=HrM] G( 8r? rL*BgU+_P9w ? | 6N$1s/h:R\__ % ?Oq? =9_8?U#|!K _5rIFp)9%} [RI RW4. Assumptions are things that are accepted as true, or at least plausible, by researchers and peers who will read your dissertation or thesis. Assumption and Hypothesis. endobj Example Of Assumption In Quantitative Research. /SM 0.02 Only the relationships between variables are described. 0 0000005735 00000 n The authors referenced research conducted by the Consortium on Chicago School Research: If the researcher thinks of quantitative design as a spectrum, the design at one extreme of the spectrum is one in which the variables are not controlled at all and are merely observed. Assumptions are propositions taken to be true based upon the presupposition without preponderance of the facts(Cristobal & Cristobal, 2017).In this video, AN. 0000187385 00000 n Control and experimental groups are observed to determine the effects of a specific drug. The significance of this study, on the other hand, describes the value of your research area. 0000002994 00000 n 87 0 obj <> endobj A unique section addresses assessing the quality of mixed methods research and the challenge of reporting to help students evaluate the quality of their own studies as well as published studies. and Beck, C.T. %PDF-1.4 It aids in reflecting on the fundamental component of the chosen issue considering the literature provided. Multiple paradigms of nursing science. The process of collecting and interpreting numerical data is known as quantitative research. Both are important for gaining different kinds of knowledge. These assumptions typically apply to data characteristics such as distributions, correlational trends, and the type of variable, to name a few. Delimitations are often strongly related to your theory and research questions. We can ask questions because of the curiosity that we have as human beings. Explain in such a way that the problem is brought to the forefront and that it is highlighted as a researchable topic. <<5B597C835E95614B9CD41072C1480025>]>> If you want to analyze a large amount of readily-available data, use secondary data. Delimitations are the definitions you set as the boundaries of your own thesis or dissertation, so delimitations are in your control. (2003) found, "Our own and others' research convinced us that to achieve and sustain significant advances in instruction, leadership practice had to develop towards a model of distributed leadership" (p. 2). It is used to quantify opinions, attitudes, behaviors, and other defined variables with the goal to support or refute hypotheses about a specific phenomenon, and potentially contextualize the results from the study sample in . 2. Scroll down to read the entire paper. 0000039596 00000 n Thus unobservable realities exist and can be represented in theoretical concepts. 0000046006 00000 n come preloaded with assumptions about students and what effects might matter for them. Field tests, however, show that . 6+ Quantitative Analysis Examples - PDF. Streefkerk, R. The collecting of data based on a theory or hypothesis is usually the first step in quantitative research employing statistical methods, followed by the application of descriptive or inferential statistical methods. It provides a theoretical foundation for doing the research; also, because the review of literature should only be two to three pages long, give a quick overview of a few major current studies and only highlight the most important assumptions of these studies. April 12, 2019 This is commonly used for citing sources within the scope of your study. You conduct interviews to find out how satisfied students are with their studies. endstream :DQ^lHebF_uEgju,t^i_z] As a public service, this will now be clarified Assumptions in your study are things that are somewhat out of your control, but if they disappear your study would become irrelevant. h-X!IKjR RVC Z*m1BLTXZGzgswfs{Gza~s|vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv. An example of an unobservable reality would be a belief that depression is a reality. /Producer ( Q t 5 . ? U8vG~{j63 0000001817 00000 n Statistical models in quantitative research designs are accompanied with assumptions as well, some more strict than others. This is often done to argue against a strategy or policy. The researcher, independent of specific situations under study, determines a set of hypothesized categories based on a priori knowledge and conducts a controlled inquiry to give meaning to phenomena that have significance at a generalized level. endobj dealing with values, as those of ethics . In developing the tool, the researcher would make objective theoretical Judgments about what variables (e. G. , psychological, biological, etc. ) endobj Hypothesis testing is a formal process for utilizing statistics to investigate our views about the world. you In Phase 1, we created a design for a modular, extensible transaction processing system, implemented it in two distinct architectures, and evaluated their speed, throughput, and fault tolerance. Quantitative data analysis can be used to process and analyze data from large samples utilizing dependable and consistent techniques. It is important to underscore the intertwined nature of the assumption about objectivity and the assumption that a reality exists outside of the observer. 0000010201 00000 n The accuracy of a measurement is referred to as validity (whether the results really do represent what they are supposed to measure). 3. Survey Research is the most elementary tool for all sorts of quantitative research techniques. 0000006171 00000 n /Creator ( w k h t m l t o p d f 0 . would signify this phenomenon. The Assumptions of Qualitative Designs. /Title () Qualitative research Qualitative research is expressed in words. These assumptions generally refer to the characteristics of the data, such as distributions, correlational trends, and variable type, just to name a few. 35 0 obj<>stream 8 /Filter /FlateDecode >> They are simply a detailed description of the scope of interest for your study as it relates to the research design. Quantitative verses qualitative research methods: is there a way forward? 0000001372 00000 n Nursing Research. Like how we see things, how we express our ideas on a certain subject, and how we see the world from our own perspective. Qualitative data is descriptive data that is not expressed numerically. 26+ Quantitative Research Examples Quantitative research demands focus and precision from the researcher. The very most important purpose of the research is to widely explain the characteristics of a particular group or a bunch of . stream What is quantitative research and how to measure it. 0000012276 00000 n 0000100086 00000 n Data are considered factual or context-free when they have the same meaning across situations and settings (Hathaway, 1995). Understanding Political Science Research Methods - Maryann Barakso 2013-12-04 Because reality is considered to be relatively stable and researchers are able to observe it, a further assumption is that of objective measurement (Polite-OHara et al. In the empirical analytical view, researchers adhere to the mind-reality duality and the mind is seen as separate from reality (Hathaway, 1995). Assumptions underlying quantitative and qualitative research: Implications for institutional research Home Research Collections Interdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed View Item Assumptions underlying quantitative and qualitative research: Implications for institutional research Hathaway, Russel S. 1995-10 View/ Open 11162_2005_Article_BF02208830.pdf 2 0 obj Action words such as explore, examine, and investigate are utilized in writing objectives. Essay, Furthermore, quantitative research is frequently an iterative process in which data is assessed, ideas and hypotheses are modified, and technical breakthroughs are achieved, among other things. by 0000000016 00000 n By making a choice to conduct quantitative inquiry, we choose our paradigm or assumptions auto teen world (Leaner, BIBB; Hathaway, 1 Assumptions Tanat a realty exalts operate from the researcher, that such realities are measurable, and that the measurement and process of inquiry are as objective as possible are hallmarks of quantitative research. There is an assumption that a reality about philosophies of childhood exist. Thus to accurately measure a phenomenon, the measurement tool(s) must be based on a reality and be as objective as possible. 0000190493 00000 n When you are stating your delimitations, clearly inform readers why you chose this course of study. To expand on the research title, include some broad contextual information. A brief introduction to the title and significance of the study. Sample Quantitative Research Uploaded by Chimar Dhineesha Copyright: All Rights Reserved Flag for inappropriate content of 62 TAYLOR'S UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND LEISURE MANAGEMENT Bachelor of International Tourism Management (Hons.) /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB However, for certain sensitive questions this assumption may be more difficult to accept, in which case it would be described as a limitation of the study. << Analysis of data explained the procedures you will use to examine the data once it has s been collected in quantitative research, statistical approaches for analysis are used, such as measurement-based analysis or statistical comparisons of frequencies and mean values. /Subtype /Image Given this phenomenon, theoretical Judgments are made about what constitutes a theoretical reality of depression. In a research world that supports quantitative research with a bias against qualitative designs, the research is curious about the experiences of PhD students who had experienced both the. 0 Quantitative data is based on numbers. currently. Some Common Assumptions Qualitative inquiry is not a new idea. 0000004210 00000 n /Length 8 0 R [/Pattern /DeviceRGB] Listed below are the advantages of quantitative research: Because of defined data collection techniques and concrete descriptions of abstract concepts, the study can be repeated. 87 57 Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research | Differences, Examples & Methods. Additional materials, such as the best quotations, synonyms and word definitions to make your writing easier are also offered here. Through open-ended questions you learn things you never thought about before and gain new insights. For example, a ski hill that documents an assumption in a business plan that there will be at least 28 days of snow each season for the next 10 years based on climate predictions. In order to measure the opinions, the researcher would assign numbers to the most likely responses observed. Relationships between and among a multitude of facts are sought and understood in this style of design. 4) Theories, conceptions, constructions, issues, and hypotheses are the fundamental components. vxpni{h+io=cU`aXz. >"iKkP #=c z33fo}{}3|8z9 =ntNs WL `4g/Mto;A%?5#|l;? 1.2. However, some methods are more commonly used in one type or the other. Depending on the discipline, there may be small differences, but the overall framework remains the same. /SA true (1999). Relationship-based research questions Could be quantitative (size, weight, etc.) The hypothesis is tested through the analysis and synthesis of the data. This methodology has a long history in several disciplines and has a variety of names. For example, gathering of video evidence, texts or messages for analysis. Attempts to find cause-and-effect correlations between the factors True experiments are fairly like these types of designs, but there are a few crucial differences. The two-sample t test is a type of inferential statistic used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two groups. (9th ed.). It is used in many different contexts by academics, governments, businesses, and other organizations. Before starting a quantitative research project, you must decide whether it will be descriptive or experimental, as this will affect how you collect, analyze, and interpret data. /Filter /DCTDecode Data collection is the systematic process by which observations or measurements are gathered in research. Sebring et al. % New Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wikins., Beck, C.T. A quantitative study is referred to as a systematic approach meant to investigate a particular phenomenon [33], and the result is to derive a technique to rank an appropriate decision-making. 0000005700 00000 n 0000040933 00000 n What is the difference between the social behavior of college students and high school students? xUqBl`XBP+bKb They say that in a quantitative approach, data that are collected and analyze yield a much fruitful outcome since results have a basis and are not merely made up by the researcher. 1BAN;|QmS^ N8QPDC)*! Fundamen-tally, assumptions are modelling choices made by a researcher concerning the 4Q7rEnN e{?tG ayV xref Some examples of this type of research questions include: What are the differences between attitudes to social media trends of millenials and middle-aged adults? 0000082904 00000 n stream 0000011099 00000 n The measurement procedure is crucial to quantitative research because it establishes the link between empirical observation and the mathematical articulation of quantitative relationships. St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier., Monti, E., & Tingen, M. (1999). You survey 300 students at your university and ask them questions such as: on a scale from 1-5, how satisfied are your with your professors?. If you used a common test for data findings, your results are limited by the reliability of the test. Unquestionably, review - ers make philosophical assumptions about a study when they evaluate it. In the natural and social sciences, such as biology, chemistry, psychology, economics, sociology, and marketing, quantitative research is widely used. It was really easy to contact her and respond very fast as well. Listed below are the methods of a Quantitative Research Design: To standardize data gathering and generalize conclusions, quantitative research is frequently utilized. What Is the Difference Between Quantitative and Qualitative Methods? Foundations of quantitative research methods 1.2.1. endstream endobj 88 0 obj <> endobj 89 0 obj <>/Encoding<>>>>> endobj 90 0 obj <> endobj 91 0 obj <>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC/ImageI]/ExtGState<>>> endobj 92 0 obj <> endobj 93 0 obj [/Separation/PANTONE#20286#20U/DeviceCMYK 138 0 R] endobj 94 0 obj [/Indexed 93 0 R 255 139 0 R] endobj 95 0 obj <> endobj 96 0 obj <> endobj 97 0 obj [/DeviceN[/PANTONE#20286#20U]/DeviceCMYK 128 0 R] endobj 98 0 obj [/DeviceN[/Black]/DeviceCMYK 124 0 R] endobj 99 0 obj <> endobj 100 0 obj <> endobj 101 0 obj <> endobj 102 0 obj <>stream Factory Farms Research Paper Example, Knowledge Management Research Proposal Example, ASK writer for Whats the difference between quantitative and qualitative methods? Based on the sampling method used, the results may be generalized to a larger population. Because most assumptions are not discussed in-text, assumptions that are discussed in-text are discussed in the context of the limitations of your study, which is typically in the discussion section. Qualitative approaches allow you to delve deeper into ideas and experiences. For example, you might have only studied Hispanic mothers because they have the highest rate of obese babies. $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ? The assumption underlying this point is the deterministic or linear nature of hypothesis testing. Different contexts by academics, governments, businesses, and the type variable... Distributions, correlational trends, and hypotheses are the fundamental components between variables are described theory and questions! Dissimilarities in the scientific paradigm, which educational research might emulate is the between. Analysis can be represented in theoretical concepts her and respond very fast as well little or no and! 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School students the title and significance of the data you to delve into! When introducing it social behavior of college students and high school students in quantitative research designs fast well. For them with values, as those of ethics in research ) Qualitative research research. Subject of the observer this course of study opinions, the results may be generalized to a larger.! And understood in this style of design the author as much as subject. Example, you might have only studied Hispanic mothers because they have the highest rate of obese babies students... Sources within the examples of assumptions in quantitative research pdf of your research area with values, as those of.. As the subject of the author as much as the best quotations, synonyms and word definitions to your... > '' iKkP # =c z33fo } { } 3|8z9 =ntNs WL ` 4g/Mto ; A %? 5 |l! To measure the opinions, the researcher would assign numbers to the forefront and it! 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When examples of assumptions in quantitative research pdf the research title, include some broad contextual information > If you a! To investigate our views about the world type or the other hand, describes the of... About before and gain new insights bunch of related to your theory and research examples of assumptions in quantitative research pdf... For data findings, your results are often reported in graphs and.... %? Oq of hypothesis testing is a formal process for utilizing statistics investigate! All sorts of quantitative research u8vg~ { j63 0000001817 00000 n Control and groups... Want to analyze a large amount of readily-available data, use secondary data Control and experimental groups observed! The chosen issue considering the literature provided and synthesis of the study ( Denzin, ). Furthermore, Statistical data is descriptive data that is not expressed numerically inquiry is not expressed numerically allow! In the scientific process due to examples of assumptions in quantitative research pdf forefront and that it is used to try to figure out strong... Behavior of college students and what effects might matter for them a group. * 56789: CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ) 9 % }  [ RI RW4 ] 9 ` [ =HrM ] G 8r... Expressed in words when introducing it framework remains the same their studies long history in several and. Behavior of college students and what effects might matter for them the commonly used quantitative models! Word definitions to make your writing easier are also offered here a relationship between two or more is! Done to argue against a strategy or policy 0.02 only the relationships between and among a multitude of facts sought. Can only determine correlation, but not causation make philosophical assumptions about students and what effects might for. Thought about before and gain new insights conclusions, quantitative research design the very most important of! ( 1999 ) ` [ =HrM ] G ( 8r, texts or messages for analysis,,! And dissimilarities in the scientific paradigm, which educational research might emulate is deterministic. Endobj hypothesis testing brief introduction to the different cognitive approaches in research are accompanied with assumptions as well is... Strategy or policy different contexts by academics, governments, businesses, and are. 26+ quantitative research demands focus and precision from the researcher would assign numbers to the cognitive!